11/14/2023 0 Comments Old world deli upland![]() By reacting to these developments, European conservationists can make significant steps forward in their efforts to create a robust network of ecosystems that can sustain and improve their ecological values based on natural processes. 2013) better legislation and enforcement (Habitats, Bird and Water Directives, Bern Convention) and a more favourable policy environment (Wilderness Resolution, new EU Biodiversity Strategy) all contributing to an historic opportunity to create more space for wild nature in Europe. Geneletti and van Duren, 2008 Zhang et al. (especially Natura 2000) better designed to suit multi-use criteria, with, for example, strict conservation, development, and ecotourism 4, 5, 8), supported by a growing network of protected areas 2013 Enserink and Vogel 2006 Kuemmerle et al. This opportunity is complemented by the major comeback of a number of iconic wildlife species (Deinet et al. Where land abandonment is often seen as a major socio-economic problem, it may provide an opportunity for new forms of rural development based on nature and certain valuable attributes of wild landscapes (see Chap. Each year nearly 1 million ha of land are abandoned by shepherds and small farmers. Pinto-Correia and Mascarenhas 1999) and, at the same time, large scale land abandonment in more remote areas (Keenleyside and Tucker 2010). One of the major reasons of this is an unprecedented change in land-use, a unique circumstance driven by three major forces: a strong migration of-in particular younger-people to the cities Footnote 1 (EC 2008), intensification of agricultural use on the most productive soils (e.g. KeywordsĮurope is changing rapidly, offering more opportunities for nature today than for the past centuries. ![]() Ultimately, a large-scale shift in land use across Europe towards wilder nature and innovative ways to use this resource for employment and subsistence could be achieved, thus turning threats and problems into opportunities. Besides the ecological benefits of rewilding abandoned landscapes, wild values can create new opportunities for entrepreneurship in these areas, while a restored and preserved wildlife will attract many visitors to watch, enjoy and experience the wild. The initiative aims to rewild 1 million ha of land by 2022, creating ten wildlife and wilderness areas all across Europe. Rewilding Europe responds to these major changes in the European landscape by ceasing this opportunity for both the European natural heritage and Europeans. ![]() This idea can be further enhanced by the comeback of a number of iconic wildlife species, by an increased network of protected areas, by better legislation and enforcement, and a more favourable environment policy. Although land abandonment is often seen as a major socio-economic problem, it could also be an opportunity for a new rural development based on nature and wild values. As a result, shepherds and small-scale farmers release nearly 1 million ha of land from agriculture, each year. The main driver of this change is an unprecedented shift in agricultural practices that started in the mid-twentieth century. The European landscape is changing and new opportunities for conservation are arising.
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